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Authors
Gao, Xiang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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Article History
Received: 24 February 2026
Accepted: 2 May 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the CHIS study.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not include individual details, images, or videos.
: Because this study utilized publicly available, deidentified secondary data, it did not constitute human subjects research and therefore did not require Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval.
