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Authors
Epstein, Richard H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8466-3845
Dexter, Franklin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5897-2484
Fahy, Brenda G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-5164
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Article History
Received: 21 December 2024
Accepted: 17 February 2025
First Online: 25 February 2025
Declarations
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: The Division of Management Consulting of the University of Iowa’s Department of Anesthesia provides consultations to corporations and hospitals. Dr. Dexter receives no funds personally other than his salary and allowable expense reimbursements from the University of Iowa and has tenure with no incentive program. He and his family have no financial holdings in any company related to his work other than indirectly through mutual funds for retirement. Income from the Division's consulting work is used to fund Division research. A list of all the Division’s consults is available in his posted curriculum vitae at .
: On January 30, 2024, the University of Miami Institutional Review Board determined that this research does not meet the regulatory definition of human subjects research.
: None required.
: Not applicable.
