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Authors
Pei, Nihui
Zhuang, Yijiang
Su, Zhe
Wang, Fangjing
Liu, Yansong
Li, Xianglei
Su, Huiping
Zeng, Hongwu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangdong High-level Hospital Construction Fund and Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (No.SZSM202011005)
the Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Plan Project (No.JCYJ20230807093815031)
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Article History
Received: 13 May 2025
Accepted: 12 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Ethics Committee Review (Scientific Research) Opinion No. 202501702. The study utilized retrospective, de-identified, and anonymized imaging data, and the committee granted a waiver of individual informed consent.
: The manuscript does not contain any personally identifiable features, images, or information. All authors have read and approved the final version of this manuscript for publication in the journal.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study is an investigator-initiated, observational clinical study, designed as a retrospective cohort study. The study has been filed with the relevant institutional body under the Filing Number: MR-44-25-051722. The implementing institution for the project is Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, and the practicing registration authority is the Health Commission of Shenzhen Municipality, Guangdong Province.
: In this study, to ensure the fairness and transparency of the research, our research team hereby declares that there are no conflicts of interest that could affect the impartiality or objectivity of the manuscript during its preparation and submission.
: There are no special interest relationships between any of the authors and the funding institutions that could influence the interpretation of the research results or the writing of the paper. All authors conducted their research independently, ensuring the objectivity and fairness of the study. All authors and related institutions confirm that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper. We guarantee that the contents of this statement are true and accurate. If any falsehood is found, we are willing to bear the corresponding responsibilities. We will strictly adhere to academic ethical standards to ensure the objectivity and reliability of the research results. Should you have any questions, please feel free to contact us. Thank you very much.
