Li, Haotian
Lu, Weisen
Zhong, Xiangwen
Cui, Haozhou
Li, Chuanyu
Wang, Jiaqi
Liu, Zhen
Shang, Wei
Zhou, Weidong
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271291)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024LZH007)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GJHZ20220913142607013)
Article History
Received: 28 August 2025
Accepted: 20 April 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
:
: This study employed publicly available EEG data from the CHB-MIT database, and our self-collected SH-SDU database. The CHB-MIT database has been fully anonymized and contains no personally identifiable information. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained in the original data collection process by the respective ethical committees and institutional review boards. For the SH-SDU database, all EEG recordings were acquired under the approval of the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Shandong University (Approval No. KYLL-2021CKJIP-0252), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: The authors declare no competing interests.