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Authors
Mahmood, Peshawa H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-6574
Qader, Ibrahim Nazem https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1167-3799
Babakr, Karukh Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5296-2549
Aziz, Shujahadeen Bakr https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-5394
Muhammed, Abubakr Wsu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8211-8285
Rasul, Hazhar Hamad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-4873
Mohammed, Safar Saeed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-8024
Salih, Ibrahim Luqman https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5152-6713
Aspoukeh, Peyman https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-6458
Khojasteh, Hossein https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-3396
Ali, Bala Talib https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9634-9938
Hamid, Dlshad Aziz https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4935-4419
Ibrahim, Pshdar Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1996-6732
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Article History
Received: 29 November 2025
Accepted: 13 March 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study aligns with the National Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by addressing key scientific challenges. Specifically, the research contributes to SDG 7 : Affordable and Clean Energy.
