Musthafa, Kawther M.
Hamzah, Azura
Ling, Ooi Wei
Huda Saris, Nur Najahatul
Haziq Aiman Rosol, Ahmad
Harun, Sulaiman Wadi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Article History
Received: 19 August 2025
Revised: 2 March 2026
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 6 May 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.