Spoth, Richard http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1232-8954
Trudeau, Linda
Shin, Chungyeol
Randall, G. Kevin
Mason, W. Alex
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA014702)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA010815)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH049127)
Article History
Received: 3 May 2018
Accepted: 27 September 2018
First Online: 2 November 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
: Standards of ethical responsibilities have been followed:*the MS has not been submitted to more than one journal for simultaneous consideration;*the MS has not been published previously;*the MS is based a longitudinal study grant that has been appropriately reported in multiple publications (the study entails 8 assessments across an 18-year period of time and has had many specific aims over that time period, with multiple types of outcomes measured and a multi-method measurement approach—accordingly, there has been a number of publications to address the aims specified, regarding follow-up assessments with participants as they progressed across the three developmental stages—with each of the publications intended to make a unique contribution to the literature and, in this particular case, with the intent of being responsive to a suggestion for the paper by the funding agency program officer);*no data have been fabricated or manipulated to support conclusions;*no data, text, or theories by others are presented as if they were the author’s own;*consent to submit has been received explicitly from all co-authors;*authors have contributed sufficiently to the scientific work and share collective responsibility and accountability for the results;*all authors approved of the author group, corresponding author, and order of authors;*there was no change to authorship at revision;*authors are prepared to submit relevant documentation to verify the validity of the results.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: The Institutional Review Board at Iowa State University approved the study and its informed consent procedures.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.