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Authors
Kortesoja, Laura
Vainikainen, Mari-Pauliina
Hotulainen, Risto
Rimpelä, Arja
Dobewall, Henrik
Lindfors, Pirjo
Karvonen, Sakari
Merikanto, Ilona https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-6678
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Academy of Finland (322312/2019, 322312/2019)
Suomen Kulttuurirahasto (NA)
Juho Vainion Säätiö (NA)
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Article History
Received: 18 November 2019
Accepted: 24 January 2020
First Online: 21 February 2020
Compliance with Ethical Standards
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: The Ethics Committee of the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare approved the study design for each data collection.
: Permission was also obtained from all educational authorities for each data collection year, and parents were given the right to refuse participation on behalf of their child. In two of 14 municipalities, local authorities required parental consent which was collected. Before filling the questionnaire, adolescents were informed orally and in the first page of the questionnaire that the participation was voluntary and that they can step out of the study any time. By filling the questionnaire, they gave their assent.
