Kiekens, W. J. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3715-1323
Van der Ploeg, R.
Fish, J. N.
Salway, T.
Kaufman, T. M. L.
Baams, L.
Article History
Received: 20 October 2023
Accepted: 10 January 2024
First Online: 25 January 2024
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Ethics Committee of the Sociology Department of the University of Groningen approved the use of the data and advised, to protect participants’ privacy, to conduct analyses at the aggregated (school) level. Yet, analyses in the present study were conducted at the individual (student) level because the research questions concern individual level outcomes. However, results are only reported at the mean level and data will not be shared, both to protect participants’ privacy and in line with the advice of the Ethics Committee.
: Data were collected at secondary schools in the context of the legal obligation of schools to monitor the social safety of students. Schools that participated in the Social Safety Monitor fulfill this legal obligation. No permission to students or parents for participation in the survey were obtained but students did receive information about the goals of the survey and participation was voluntary.