Nie, Qian http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1388-2826
Teng, Zhaojun http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6726-177X
Yang, Chunyan http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3007-8661
Griffiths, Mark D. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-6524
Guo, Cheng http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8822-4601
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32300887, 32300887)
Funds for Humanities and Social Sciences, Ministry of Education of China (23YJC190017)
Article History
Received: 13 January 2024
Accepted: 5 February 2024
First Online: 24 February 2024
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: The authors declare no conflict of interest except M.D.G. M.D.G. has received research funding from <i>Norsk Tipping</i> (the gambling operator owned by the Norwegian government). M.D.G. has received funding for a number of research projects in the area of gambling education for young people, social responsibility in gambling and gambling treatment from <i>Gamble Aware</i> (formerly the <i>Responsibility in Gambling Trust</i>), a charitable body which funds its research program based on donations from the gambling industry. M.D.G. undertakes consultancy for various gambling companies in the area of player protection and social responsibility in gambling.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Research Project Ethical Review Application Form, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (IRB protocol number: H19008).
: Parental consent and adolescent assent were obtained from all participants included in the study.