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Authors
Ma, Jianping https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0048-029X
Deng, Jue https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-988X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fujian Provincial Federation of Social Sciences (FJ2023C014)
Education and Research Project for Yong Teachers in Fujian Province (JAT220234)
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Article History
Received: 15 April 2025
Accepted: 16 June 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee (EC-20230824-1022) of Fujian Police College (China) for research conducted with human subjects and was performed in full compliance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later addenda.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
