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Article History

Received: 24 August 2025

Accepted: 22 October 2025

First Online: 8 November 2025

Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted Technologies in the Writing Process

: During the preparation of this work, the authors used Deepseek and GPT to improve language. After using these tools, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.

: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Beijing Normal University.

: All participants provided informed consent prior to participation in the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.