Bird, Amelia Grace https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8636-5754
Inskip, Hazel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-1749
Godfrey, Keith M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4643-0618
Harvey, Nicholas C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-2512
Crozier, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-1127
Baird, Janis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-4361
,
Article History
Received: 31 December 2024
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
:
: KMG has received reimbursement for speaking at conferences sponsored by companies selling nutritional products and is part of an academic consortium that has received research funding from Abbott Nutrition, Nestec, BenevolentAI Bio Ltd. and Danone, outside the submitted work. The other Authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: This study gained ethical approval from the University of Southampton’s ethics and research governance committee. The SWS gained ethical approval from the Southampton and West Hampshire Research Ethics Committee. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants and by a parent or guardian on behalf of the children enrolled.