Goharmanesh, Farshad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1363-0154
Masmoie, Maryam https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8156-8872
Nasiri, Hamide https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2853-2298
Sadat-Madani, Sayedeh-Fatemeh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2325-9181
Namin, Sara Montazeri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-1005
Damizadeh, Maryam https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0659-2310
Shakeri, Shayan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7336-1522
Sodeifian, Fatemeh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5824-3396
Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-6520
Bahrainian, Bahar https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2901-4791
Mohammadi, Yasaman https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0949-8129
Shushtari, Ali https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7125-6425
Mayeli, Mahsa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4656-156X
,
Article History
Received: 7 November 2024
Accepted: 29 May 2025
First Online: 18 June 2025
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki. All ADNI data used were de-identified, and the use of these data for research purposes was approved by the respective institutional review boards.
: As this study utilized pre-existing datasets obtained from an online repository using previously conducted research, direct informed consent from participants was not applicable. However, all datasets were originally collected in compliance with ethical standards, including obtaining informed consent from participants at the time of data acquisition. The current analysis adhered strictly to ethical guidelines, ensuring that all data remained anonymized and de-identified, with no potential for re-identification of participants. Relevant approvals for the use of these datasets were obtained where required, and the study was conducted following the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: According to ADNI, every participant gave their express agreement for the study's results to be published, or their legally appointed representatives did so where appropriate. This covers the release of findings at the group level and anonymised data. No personally identifiable information was revealed in any way, guaranteeing rigorous respect for data protection and confidentiality guidelines.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Data management followed stringent protocols to ensure accuracy and reproducibility. All analyses were documented in detail, and the data processing scripts were made available for review. The study adheres to FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) data principles.