Document is current

Article History

Received: 17 October 2025

Accepted: 19 December 2025

First Online: 3 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol received approval from the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Erzurum Medical Faculty, University of Health Sciences (Erzurum, Türkiye) with decision number BAEK 2025/04-115. The research was carried out in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki ethical standards. All participants and/or their legal guardians provided written informed consent prior to enrollment.

: Not applicable.

: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools were used solely to improve the academic English language quality of this manuscript. The scientific content, interpretation of findings, and all intellectual contributions were made entirely by the authors. The authors have thoroughly reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.