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Authors
Mitamura, Shintaro https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5131-1038
Ishikawa, Kosuke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-7276
Hatanaka, Kanako C.
Saito, Tatsuro
Sasaki, Yuki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-4366
Miura, Takahiro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-6556
Maeda, Taku https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-8201
Funayama, Emi
Murao, Naoki
Sasaki, Satoru
Hatanaka, Yutaka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-1477
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP23K09072)
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Article History
Received: 16 October 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 19 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the institutional review boards of Hokkaido University Hospital (approval number 23 − 0001) and Tonan Hospital (approval number 016–0314) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The patients or their legal guardians provided informed consent for their inclusion in the study.
: The patients or their legal guardians provided written informed consent for the publication of this study.
