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Authors
Erdoğan, Derya Çakır https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-3844
Çuğlan, Serpil Semiha https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9074-1163
Özmerdiven, Gülşah Ece https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6456-5236
Çelik, Faruk https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2433-0277
İrvem, Arzu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1307-4538
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Article History
Received: 22 May 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 14 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Local Ethics Committee of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Research and Training Hospital (Date: 01.03.2024/No: 34).
: was not required, as patient-identifiable data were not used.
