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Article History

Received: 5 September 2025

Accepted: 14 January 2026

First Online: 24 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

: The Ethics Committee of Huachuang Sino Co., Ltd approved all animal experiments and procedures (SY24-001-P011-01), ensuring compliance with the National Institutes of Health Animal Laboratory Animal Care and Use Guidelines. In accordance with these guidelines, all rats used in this study were euthanized under pentobarbital sodium anesthesia to ensure humane treatment.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.