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Authors
Salamt, Norizam
Che Roos, Nur Aishah
Mohamed Shakrin, Nik Noorul Shakira
Ugusman, Azizah
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 19 February 2026
Accepted: 22 May 2026
First Online: 30 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study does not require formal ethical approval.
