Ibrahimi, Mohamed Amine https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3201-2471
Abbad, Khalid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-1967
Ben Abbou, Rachid https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7367-0177
Article History
Received: 18 August 2025
Revised: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This study utilized the publicly available HAM10000 dataset [ ].