Funding for this research was provided by:
the Henan Provincial Key R&D Special Project ”Key Technology Research and Demonstration Applications of Large Multi- modal Self-Training Models Based on Domestic Chips’ (231111212000)
the Graduate Innovation Fund of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautical Industry Managemen (2025CX117)
Article History
Received: 26 April 2025
Revised: 15 October 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 1 February 2026
Declarations
:
: We have no competing interest to disclose.
: No ethical clearance is required.