Butenschoen, Vicki Marie
Kelm, Anna
Meyer, Bernhard
Krieg, Sandro M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4050-1531
Article History
Received: 4 May 2019
Accepted: 4 June 2019
First Online: 12 June 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: SK is a consultant for Spineart Deutschland GmbH (Frankfurt, Germany) and Nexstim Plc (Helsinki, Finland) and received honoraria from Medtronic (Meerbusch, Germany) and Carl Zeiss Meditec (Oberkochen, Germany). SK and BM received research grants from and are consultants for Brainlab AG (Munich, Germany). BM received honoraria, consulting fees, and research grants from Medtronic (Meerbusch, Germany), icotec ag (Altstätten, Switzerland), and Relievant Medsystemy Inc. (Sunnyvale, CA, USA), honoraria and research grants from Ulrich Medical (Ulm, Germany), honoraria and consulting fees from Spineart Deutschland GmbH (Frankfurt, Germany) and DePuy Synthes (West Chester, PA, USA), and royalties from Spineart Deutschland GmbH (Frankfurt, Germany). Yet, all authors report no conflict of interest concerning the materials or methods used in this study or the findings specified in this publication.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The data used was based on previously published data, there was no need for ethics approval.
: Informed consent for publication was obtained.