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Authors
Richardson, George E.
Mustafa, Mohammad A.
Clynch, Abigail L.
Islim, Abdurrahman I.
Mills, Samantha J.
Rathi, Nitika
Zakaria, Rasheed
Ricci, Emanuele
Ressel, Lorenzo
Jenkinson, Michael D.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Dowager Countess Eleanor Peel Trust (MED1066 (22/51))
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Article History
Received: 13 September 2025
Accepted: 29 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust Research Ethics Committee (Ethical Approval North Wales REC4: 20/WA/0043). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and with all relevant national regulations. Given the retrospective design and use of anonymised clinical and histopathology data, the requirement for informed patient consent was waived by the Research Ethics Committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
