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Authors
Gu, Mengqi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0891-3105
Luckett, Patrick H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2262-6605
Olufawo, Michael https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7214-0207
Dierker, Donna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-8384
Verastegui, Gabriel T. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2462-9324
Shimony, Joshua S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-776X
Leuthardt, Eric C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-3135
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Article History
Received: 22 October 2025
Accepted: 27 November 2025
First Online: 5 January 2026
Declaration
:
: This study was approved by the Washington University in St. Louis Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study. This manuscript contains no individual person’s data in any form.
: M.G., P.H.L., M.O., D.D., G.T.V., J.S.S., E.C.L., and/or Washington University in St. Louis may receive royalty income based on a technology developed M.G., P.H.L., M.O., D.D., G.T.V., J.S.S., and E.C.L. and licensed by Washington University to Sora Neuroscience. E.C.L. owns stock in Neurolutions, General Sensing, Osteovantage, Face to Face Biometrics, Caeli Vascular, Acera, Sora Neuroscience, Inner Cosmos, Kinetrix, NeuroDev, Inflexion Vascular, and Petal Surgical. Washington University has an equity ownership of Neurolutions.
