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Authors
Deniz, Birgül https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3480-6504
Arpaci, Muhammed Furkan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3083-0155
Pekmez, Hıdır https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-7675
Uzun, Gökçe Bağci
İnceoğlu, Feyza https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1453-0937
Harputluoğlu, Hakan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-5941
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Inonu University
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Article History
Received: 22 September 2025
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Malatya Turgut Özal University (approval number: E-30785963-020-160994, dated June 14, 2023). The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study. All procedures were performed in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was waived owing to retrospective design.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
