Document is current

Article History

Received: 29 November 2025

Accepted: 27 December 2025

First Online: 12 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant national/institutional ethical guidelines.

: All participants provided written informed consent voluntarily after full disclosure of the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks, benefits, and the right to withdraw without penalty. Signed consent forms are retained by the research team.

: The authors declare no competing interests.