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Authors
Walker, Robert L. III
Laws, Maxwell T.
Kim, H. Jeffrey
Zalewski, Christopher
Asthagiri, Ashok
Ranganathan, Sruthi
Hayes, Christina
Heiss, John D.
Butman, John A.
Chittiboina, Prashant
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (DC000064)
National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (ZIA NS003053-13)
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Article History
Received: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 26 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with all relevant guidelines and regulations. All methods were carried out in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and NIH institutional guidelines. All experimental protocols were reviewed and approved by the Combined Neuroscience Institutional Review Board of the NIH Clinical Center under protocol NCT00598351. All participants (or their legal guardians, when appropriate) provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. The middle fossa decompression procedures included in this analysis were performed as part of a standard-of-care clinical trial approved by the same Institutional Review Board (NCT00060541), with written informed consent obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
