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Article History

Received: 24 August 2025

Revised: 11 October 2025

Accepted: 21 October 2025

First Online: 3 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: All animal procedures were conducted in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences (Approval Code: IR.SKUMS.AEC.1403.030). Male NMRI mice (8 weeks old, 25–35 g) were housed under standard laboratory conditions (22 ± 2 °C, 50–60% relative humidity, 12-hour light/dark cycle) with ad libitum access to standard rodent chow and water. All procedures were performed under ketamine (60 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) anesthesia, and humane endpoints were strictly followed in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines. Anesthesia was administered prior to sacrifice using ketamine (60 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg). Humane endpoints were established, and animals were monitored closely during and after PTZ administration. Randomization was performed using a random number method, and both seizure observations and data analysis were conducted by an investigator blinded to group allocation.