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Authors
Manoharan, Sushmitaa Dhevii https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3973-0368
Usman, Abdulhamid Sani https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0283-1842
Abdul Hamid, Hafizah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5333-4694
Che Mohd Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2019-4565
Cheema, Manraj Singh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3763-3456
Che Ramli, Muhammad Danial https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5261-0391
Mohd Moklas, Mohamad Aris https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9282-129X
Mehat, Muhammad Zulfadli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-6458
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Revised: 20 January 2026
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Humans were not used in this study. All animal experiments were performed in full compliance with the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) [UPM/IACUC/AUP-R051/2022].
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
