Qaedi, Kasyful https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2151-4141
Abdullah, Mardina
Yusof, Khairul Adib
Hayakawa, Masashi
Zulhamidi, Nur Fatin Irdina
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (FRGS/1/2023/STG07/UPM/02/4)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Article History
Received: 8 February 2024
Accepted: 8 May 2025
First Online: 12 June 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose