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Authors
Lin, Zhenjun
Liu, Shuang
Gu, Shaomeng
Zhao, Dingxuan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (52575151)
Integrated Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (U24A6008)
Natural ScienceFoundationfor YoungScholars of Hebei Province (F2025203044)
Technology Plan Project of Qinhuangdao City (202501A218)
Yanshan University Basic Innovation and Scientiffc Research Cultivation Project (2024LGQN007)
Hebei Natural Science Foundation (E2024203257)
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Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Revised: 20 November 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 8 April 2026
Declaration
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
