Diao, Lixin
Li, Guodong
Xue, Liang
Li, Wenjie
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangxi Centre for Applied Mathematics (GuikeAD23023002, GuikeAD25069086)
Guangxi Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (S202510595275)
Guangxi Institute of Artificial Intelligence
Article History
Received: 12 January 2026
Revised: 8 March 2026
Accepted: 21 March 2026
First Online: 1 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.