Sun, Shaohua
Liu, Hui
Zhang, Yu
Liu, Jinglin
Zhu, Xiaomei
Yao, Ziwei
Sun, Bing
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41576111)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (12475258)
Major Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Hebei Transportation Investment Group (NY2024D1-01)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (3132023503)
Article History
Received: 28 January 2026
Accepted: 20 April 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.