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Exploring the role of school climate, teacher workload, and job satisfaction in student achievement: insights from PIRLS and TIMSS

Published Online: 2026-01-08

Published Print: 2026-02

Authors

Paloniemi Lindström, Mari https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-4468
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

University of Gothenburg
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-01-08

Version of Record valid from 2026-01-08
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Article History

Received: 3 April 2025

Accepted: 16 December 2025

First Online: 8 January 2026

Ethics declarations

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: There are no competing interests.

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