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Authors
Al-Omary, Heba https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7087-1802
Soltani, Abderrezzaq https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7199-4215
Stewart, Derek https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7360-8592
Nazar, Zachariah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4104-4221
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qatar University
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Article History
Received: 17 September 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 16 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Qatar University [QU-IRB 1985-EA/23].
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
