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Authors
Guo, Tengyu
Ma, Xiong
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Article History
Received: 26 December 2025
Accepted: 22 February 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study involved retrospective analysis of fully anonymized clinical data. No identifiable patient information was accessed, retained, or reported. According to institutional policy, studies using fully de-identified data without patient interactions are considered minimal risk. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
