Giustina, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-3398
di Filippo, Luigi https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6117-0081
Fleseriu, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-6289
Pivonello, Rosario https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9632-1348
Petersenn, Stephan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0618-6147
Wass, John
Samson, Susan L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8159-7093
Pereira, Alberto M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1194-9866
Luque, Raúl M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-1913
Biagetti, Betina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8837-4343
Zatelli, Maria Chiara https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8408-7796
Ho, Ken K Y https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-9588
Boguszewski, Cesar L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-7941
van der Lely, Aart Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-0126
Gurnell, Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5745-6832
Biermasz, Nienke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5658-0679
Schilbach, Katharina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8667-0296
Ferone, Diego https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-6143
Gadelha, Monica R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9250-3558
Ioachimescu, Adriana G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-9802
Ghigo, Ezio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2809-8105
Strasburger, Christian J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7905-7357
Kadioglu, Pinar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8329-140X
Maffei, Pietro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1717-263X
Karavitaki, Niki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-0643
Marazuela, Mónica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-9618
Buchfelder, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1955-4957
Chiloiro, Sabrina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9241-2392
Luger, Anton https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-6873
Greenman, Yona https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4923-488X
Valassi, Elena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3864-0105
Bernabeu, Ignacio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8421-7394
Frara, Stefano https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1308-5598
Chanson, Philippe https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-5722
Brue, Thierry https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-6691
Ayuk, John https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0844-6782
Casanueva, Felipe F https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9052-8161
Colao, Annamaria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-2559
Mortini, Pietro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2320-2281
Neggers, Sebastian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-0282
Puig-Domingo, Manel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-7195
Uygur, Meliha Melin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6569-8142
Melmed, Shlomo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2355-3447
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Article History
Received: 2 December 2025
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 29 April 2026
Declarations
:
: A.G. has occasionally consulted for Amolyt, Abiogen, Alexion, Crinetics, Ipsen, Pfizer and Recordati Rare Diseases, and received research grants to the Istitution by Recordati Rare Diseases. L.d.F. received a research grant to their institution from Abiogen Pharma S.p.A. and his research activities are partly supported by Glucocorticoid induced Osteoporosis Skeletal (GIOSEG). M.F. received grants to their institution from Amryt, Crinetics, Ionis and Recordati Rare Diseases, received occasional consulting fees or has served as occasional Advisory Board Member for Amryt, Crinetics, Camurus, Ipsen, and Recordati Rare Diseases. S.P. has been a speaker at workshops and/or advisory board member for HRA Pharma, Ipsen, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, and Recordati Rare Diseases. S.L.S. is principal investigator for Chiasma (Chiesi) and Pasireotide (Novartis, now Recordati Rare Diseases). C.L.B. has received speaking fees from Ipsen, consulting fees from Ipsen, Recordati Rare Diseases and Novo Nordisk, and is a principal investigator of clinical trials of Crinetics. A.J.v.d.L. has received consulting and speaking fees from Amolyt Pharma, Pfizer. M.G. has received speakers honoraria from Ipsen and Pfizer. K.S. has received honoraria for consulting, speaking and scientific projects from the following companies: Pfizer, Recordati Rare Diseases, Camurus, Crinetics, Novo Nordisk, Ascendis. D.F. received fees for lecture and advisory boards from Novartis, Camurus, Recordati Rare Diseases. M.R.G. has received speaker fees from Recordati Rare Diseases, Ipsen and Novo Nordisk, is member of the advisory board of Recordati Rare Diseases, Ipsen, Novo Nordisk and Crinetics, is principal investigator in clinical trials from Recordati Rare Diseases and Crinetics. A.G.I. occasionally consults for Crinetics, Camurus and Xeris, has received research grants to their institution from Recordati Rare Diseases, Xeris, Chiesi. C.J.S. is an advisory board member or recipient of speaker’s fees from NovoNordisk, Amolyt, Pfizer, Crinetics, Sandoz-Hexal, Recordati Rare Diseases, Debiopharm and ConsilientHealth. P.K. participated in clinical trials of Carmus and Recordati Rare Diseases. . P.M. has been a principal investigator in clinical trials of Ipsen, Pfizer, Camurus, received consultation fee and research support from Pfizer, Recordati Rare Diseases. N.K. has been a speaker for Pfizer, Ipsen, Recordati Rare Diseases, investigator for Pfizer, Ipsen, scientific advisory board for Pfizer, Ipsen, Recordati Rare Diseases. S.C. has received lecture and advisory fees and grants from Ipsen, Recordati Rare Diseases. A.L. has received lecture fees from Ipsen and served as consultant for NovoNordisk. Y.G. participated in clinical trials of Crinetics, Cortendo, Debiopharm and Ascendis. E.V. is on the advisory board for Recordati Rare Diseases, HRA pharma, received speaker fees from Recordati Rare Diseases, HRA Pharma, Ipsen. S.F. has received consultancy and speaker fees from Ipsen and Pfizer, consultancy fee from Novartis, is an advisory board member for Recordati Rare Diseases and Novo Nordisk, and has received grants to their institution from Abiogen Pharma S.p.A. P.C. has received unrestricted research and educational grants from Ipsen, Recordati Rare Diseases, Advanz and Pfizer, is an investigator (principal or coordinator) for clinical trials funded by Chiasma, Recordati Rare Diseases, Pfizer, Crinetics and Debiopharm, is a member of Advisory Boards from Pfizer, Crinetics, Recordati Rare Diseases and Amolyt, lectures for Ipsen, Recordati Rare Diseases and Pfizer. T.B. is clinical trial investigator for Xeris, Crinetics, Debiopharm, Recordati Rare Diseases, is on advisory boards for Pfizer, Recordati Rare Diseases, Novo-Nordisk, received speaker fees from Pfizer, Recordati Rare Diseases, Novo-Nordisk and received research grants from Pfizer. A.C. is a principal investigator of research studies for Novartis, Ipsen, Pfizer, a consultant for Novartis, Ipsen, Pfizer, received honoraria from Novartis, Ipsen and Pfizer. S.N. has received consulting, research and speaking fees from Novo Nordisk, Crinetics, Recordati Rare Diseases, Pfizer. M.P.-D. received funding for advisory board or lectures given at symposia organized by Recordati Rare Diseases, Pfizer, Novartis and Ipsen. S.M. received a research grant to their institution from Recordati Rare Diseases; is a consultant to Ionis, Camurus, NovoNordisk, Chiesi. A.G. is Editor in Chief of Pituitary. L.D.F, R.P. and A.G.I., are Associate Editors of Pituitary. The other authors declare no competing interests.