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Paenibacillus dendritiformis and silicon synergism enhance spinach tolerance to chlorpyrifos via improved physiology, antioxidant defense, and ion homeostasis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-08103-0

Published Online: 2025-11-25

Published Print: 2026-01

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Altaf, Mohammad

Shahid, Mohammad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2443-9451
Singh, Udai B.

Niyazi, Shareen
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

King Saud University (ORF-2025-972)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-11-25

Version of Record valid from 2025-11-25
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Article History

Received: 17 August 2025

Accepted: 7 November 2025

First Online: 25 November 2025

Declarations

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: Not applicable.

: The authors certify that the work mentioned in this publication has not been influenced by competing financial or personal links between them.

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