Shahid, Muhammad
Altaf, Muhammad Mohsin
Altaf, Muhammad Ahsan
Ahmad, Rafiq
Khan, Kashif
Si, Cheng-cheng
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDYF2022XDNY264)
Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDYF2025XDNY070))
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32060716)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32560771)
Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City (SCKJ-JYRC-2023-24)
Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province (B24YQ0013)
Hainan University International Graduate Student Innovative Research Project (hdckyb2025-04)
Article History
Received: 11 December 2025
Accepted: 11 March 2026
First Online: 20 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
: During the preparation of this work the author (s) used ChatGPT in order to improve language. After using this tool/service, the author (s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.