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Article History

Accepted: 16 April 2023

First Online: 2 May 2023

Declarations

:

: Two authors whose names are listed immediately above certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers? bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

: I, the undersigned, give my consent for the publication of identifiable details within the text (“Material”) to be published in the above Journal and Article. I confirm that I have seen and been given the opportunity to read both the Material and the Article (as attached) to be published by Springer. I have discussed this consent form with Pham Quang Huy and Vu Kien Phuc, who are two authors of this paper.I understand that all Springer journals may be available on the internet, and will be available to a broader audience through marketing channels and other third parties. Therefore, anyone can read material published in the Journal. I understand that readers may include not only economics professionals and scholarly researchers but also journalists and general members of the public.

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from Ethics Committee and the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City (UEH).