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Article History

Received: 28 May 2025

Accepted: 24 August 2025

First Online: 10 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This study received ethical approval from the Ethics Review Committee of Middlesex University, UK where the research study was approved in accordance with the university’s ethical protocols.

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection and in line with Middlesex University’s ethical procedures. The participant firefighters were duly briefed about the purpose of the study and signed informed consent was obtained prior to data collection.

: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.