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Authors
Perkins, Tamara https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4697-2230
Lee, Brian
Mackin, Juliette
Donovan, Dennis
Rushing, Stephanie Craig
Caughlan, Colbie
Kakuska, Amanda Gchachu
Walker, Leanza
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Center for Mental Health Services (SM61780, SM82106)
Office of Minority Health (AIAMP170020-01-00)
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Article History
Accepted: 2 April 2025
First Online: 28 April 2025
Declarations
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: The Portland Area Indian Health Service Institutional Review Board granted ethics approval for both study protocols (NIG: 1135735 and IG: 717867). At the root of this IRB’s human subjects review criteria are the ethical standards laid down by the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all youth 18 or older. For all youth aged 12–17 participating in the study, written assent was obtained along with written parental/guardian consent. Moreover, individual Tribal site permissions to use these Tribal data were secured from Tribal officials at each site prior to manuscript submission.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: Not applicable.
