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Authors
Johander, Eerika https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3769-3325
Turunen, Tiina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-2347
Garandeau, Claire F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-020X
Salmivalli, Christina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-146X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Research Council (884434)
University of Turku
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Article History
Received: 4 December 2024
Accepted: 22 August 2025
First Online: 12 September 2025
Declarations
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: The procedure followed the ethical standards of Finnish National Board of Research Integrity (TENK, National Advisory Board on Research Ethics, ) and the Finnish Personal Data Act (523/1999). The data collection procedure was consistent with the Finnish Human Subjects Protection regulations. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. The study has been evaluated and approved by the Ethics Committee for Human Sciences of the University of Turku. Informed consent was obtained from all parents/legal guardians of the participants included in the study and assent was obtained from all the participants themselves.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
