Oudijk, Willemijn F. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0801-8262
de Rooij, Belle H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-0857
van Benthem, Koen J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3841-2110
Etienne, Rampal S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2142-7612
Oerlemans, Simone https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1595-7262
Verkooijen, Helena M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-1623
Aben, Katja K. H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-2147
Vink, Geraldine R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6731-9660
May, Anne M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0643-3790
Mols, Floortje https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0818-2913
Katsimpokis, Dimitris https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-0206
Ezendam, Nicole P. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-4210
Funding for this research was provided by:
KWF Kankerbestrijding (UVT 2010-4743)
KWF Kankerbestrijding (UVA 2013-6331)
KWF Kankerbestrijding (2013-5942)
KWF Kankerbestrijding (2015–7914)
Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (2016/04981/ZONMW-91101002)
Center of Research on Psychological disorders and Somatic diseases
the Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation
Stand Up To Cancer
ZonMw
Health~Holland
Maag Lever Darm Stichting
Merck
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Bayer
Servier
Department of Radiation Oncology of the University Medical Center Utrecht
Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care of the University Medical Center Utrecht
Article History
Received: 26 February 2025
Accepted: 26 September 2025
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: GV obtained research grants to institution: Bayer, BMS, Delfi Diagnostics, Merck, Natera, Nordic pharma, Labcorp (Personal Genome Diagnostics), Pierre Fabre, Servier, Sirtex.
: Ethical approval was previously obtained for each study cohort separately (ROGY: NL33429.008.10 [ ]; PROCORE: NL51119.060.14 [ ]; PLCRC: NL47888.041.14 [ ]; UMBRELLA: NL52062.041.15 [ ]). Both the BlaZIB [ ] and ProZIB [ ] studies were beyond the scope of the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO) and, therefore, an ethics approval was waived.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Not applicable.