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Authors
Goodwin, Elizabeth https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-9170
Michalowsky, Bernhard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3425-0089
Middleton, Rod https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2130-4420
Hawton, Annie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-5899
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
EuroQol Research Foundation (1572-RA)
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Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Declarations
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: Financial interests: Elizabeth Goodwin, Rod Middleton and Annie Hawton declare they have no financial interests. Bernhard Michalowsky is a member of the EuroQol Group and has received payment for reviews and board hours. Non-financial interests: Elizabeth Goodwin led the development of the MSIS-8D.
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the UKMSR has been granted by the South West Central Bristol Research Ethics Council under registration code initially as 16/SW/0164 now as 21/SW/0085. This ethical approval covers all studies that use data collected by the UKMSR.
: All individual members of the UK MS Register provide informed consent for their anonymised data to be used in research studies such as this by signing up to the Participant Terms and Conditions:
