Boll, Christina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0867-7687
Nikolka, Till https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9229-3626
Article History
Received: 4 April 2025
Accepted: 23 March 2026
First Online: 18 April 2026
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The data analyzed in this article is from the Kinderbetreuungsstudie (KiBS) collected by the German Youth Institute (DJI). The authors use fully anonymized secondary data provided by the DJI research data center.