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Authors
Di Novi, Cinzia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-5507
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università degli Studi di Pavia
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Article History
Received: 23 June 2026
Accepted: 24 July 2026
First Online: 3 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: This study is based exclusively on anonymized secondary data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The SHARE study has been reviewed and approved by the appropriate research ethics committees throughout the participating countries. All procedures performed in the SHARE study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible institutional and national research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Consent to participate: All participants in the SHARE study provided written informed consent prior to participation.
Conflict of interests: The author declares no competing interests.
