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Authors
Shah, Irum
Gohar, Osama
Ali, Farman
Ali, Nisar
Muhammad, Zeeshan
Al-Hinaai, Mohammad M.
Amin, Bilal Ul
Said, Amir
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Article History
Received: 2 October 2025
Accepted: 6 December 2025
First Online: 19 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This is an observational study. The Hazara University Research Ethics Committee has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.
: Not applicable as no research was conducted involving human subjects.
: Not applicable as no research was conducted involving human subjects.
