Yi, Tao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-1740
Tang, Chaoying
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (71932009, 71974178)
MOE Social Science Laboratory of Digital Economic Forecasts and Policy Simulation at UCAS
Article History
Received: 2 October 2024
Accepted: 9 July 2025
First Online: 5 August 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: During the preparation of this work, AI-assisted tools (such as ChatGPT and Grammarly) were used for language editing and grammar checking. The authors are solely responsible for the content and interpretation of the research.