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Authors
Obioma, Ihuoma Faith https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1666-7080
Şahin, Merve Nur https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1422-1923
Rumeli, Yağmur https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-6902
van Dick, Rolf https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-9466
Bark, Alina S. Hernandez https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-5229
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main
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Article History
Accepted: 21 March 2025
First Online: 16 May 2025
Declarations
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: The survey data were anonymized, and institutional ethics approval was not required in Germany and Nigeria. Participants (all aged over 18 years) were asked for their consent before starting the survey and again asked if they understood all questions and answered honestly at the end of the survey.
: APA ethical standards were followed in the conduct of the study.
: Springer Nature holds the rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
: The authors declared no conflicts of interest (financial or non-financial) with respect to the authorship or the publication of this article.
